Overview of UK employee leave types for new business founders

Starting a new business in the UK is exciting — but understanding holiday entitlement and statutory leave is essential from day one. From annual leave and sick pay to maternity, paternity, and neonatal care leave, here is what every first-time founder needs to support their team properly.

Get Leave Entitlement Right Early

When you are focused on hiring, sales, and delivery, leave policy can feel like an admin task to do later. In practice, it is one of the first compliance areas to set up properly.

Clear leave rules help you:

  • meet your legal obligations
  • prevent payroll and accrual mistakes
  • set fair expectations with employees
  • reduce operational disruption when people are off

Annual Leave: The Foundation of UK Holiday Entitlement

Most workers in the UK are entitled to 5.6 weeks of paid holiday each leave year. For someone working 5 days per week, this is 28 days of paid holiday.

This generally applies to full-time, part-time, agency, irregular-hours, part-year, and zero-hours workers.

Can Bank Holidays Be Included?

Yes. Employers can include bank holidays within the 5.6-week statutory entitlement. You do not have to offer bank holidays in addition to 28 days for a full-time worker, unless your contract or policy provides more generous terms.

28 Days Is the Statutory Cap

Statutory leave is capped at 28 days. Someone working more than 5 days per week does not gain statutory leave above this cap. You can choose to provide enhanced contractual leave.

Calculating Leave: Common Founder Mistakes

1) Regular Full-Time Workers

Leave starts accruing from day one. Many employers track accrual monthly. For example: 28 days per year means around 7 days accrued after 3 months.

2) Part-Time Workers

They still receive 5.6 weeks, but in proportion to days worked. For example: 3 days per week × 5.6 weeks = 16.8 days.

3) Irregular-Hours and Part-Year Workers

Holiday accrues in proportion to hours worked, and calculations must be handled carefully and consistently. Founders often reduce risk by using a dedicated process or tool rather than manual spreadsheets.

Holiday Pay: More Than Basic Salary

Workers are entitled to a week's pay for each week of statutory leave. For workers with variable hours or variable pay, holiday pay is usually based on average pay across a reference period.

"Normal pay" may include regular overtime, commission, and relevant allowances depending on circumstances. Getting this wrong can create wage deduction and back-pay risk.

Maternity Leave and Pay

Eligible employees can take up to 52 weeks of maternity leave:

  • 26 weeks Ordinary Maternity Leave
  • 26 weeks Additional Maternity Leave

They must take at least 2 weeks after birth (4 weeks if they work in a factory environment).

Statutory Maternity Pay rules commonly apply as:

  • first 6 weeks at 90% of average weekly earnings
  • next 33 weeks at the statutory rate or 90% of earnings (whichever is lower)

Paternity Leave and Pay

Eligible fathers or partners can take up to 2 weeks of paternity leave. Statutory Paternity Pay is typically the statutory weekly rate or 90% of average weekly earnings, whichever is lower.

Shared Parental Leave (SPL)

Shared Parental Leave allows eligible parents to share leave entitlement where conditions are met. It offers flexibility, but it is administratively detailed — you need clear notices, timelines, and records to manage it correctly.

Adoption Leave

Eligible employees adopting a child can take up to 52 weeks of adoption leave. Statutory Adoption Pay generally mirrors the maternity pay structure.

Sick Leave and Statutory Sick Pay (SSP)

Employees who are off sick may qualify for Statutory Sick Pay if eligibility criteria are met. Employees continue to accrue statutory annual leave during sick absence — this is something founders often overlook.

Carer's Leave

Eligible employees can take up to 1 week of unpaid carer's leave in a 12-month period to care for a dependant with long-term care needs.

Neonatal Care Leave

Neonatal Care Leave has introduced additional rights for parents whose baby requires neonatal care, subject to eligibility and statutory conditions. If you employ parents in your team, your leave policy should explicitly cover this.

Other Leave Types You Should Account For

You should also have clear policy wording for:

  • unpaid parental leave
  • time off for dependants
  • jury service
  • public duties
  • parental bereavement leave

Why Getting Leave Right Early Matters

In a small team, one person off can materially affect delivery and capacity. That makes clarity and consistency essential.

A robust leave process helps you:

  • reduce legal risk
  • avoid avoidable payroll corrections
  • improve trust and transparency with your team
  • keep team planning realistic

How Simple Leave Supports First-Time Founders

Simple Leave is designed to help growing UK teams manage leave in one place, with clearer records and fewer manual calculations. You can use it to:

  • track leave balances and requests across your whole team
  • manage approvals consistently with a clear paper trail
  • generate leave reports without exporting spreadsheets
  • reduce manual calculation errors for part-time and irregular-hours staff

Frequently Asked Questions

Do I have to give 28 days plus bank holidays?

No. Statutory entitlement for a full-time 5-day worker is 28 days, and this can include bank holidays.

Do employees accrue holiday while on maternity leave?

Yes. Statutory holiday entitlement continues to accrue during maternity leave.

Can I refuse a holiday request?

You can refuse specific dates where business needs require it, provided the process is fair and in line with legal notice rules.

Do I have to pay employees for jury service leave?

You must allow time off for jury service, but there is no general statutory requirement to pay full salary for that time.

Disclaimer: This content is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute legal advice. Employment law and statutory rates change over time. Consider obtaining professional legal or HR advice for your specific circumstances.